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So if marriage is harmful for women, what about divorce? As a result, teachers may not value or assess them as highly as middle-class children. 2. Learn how your comment data is processed. The nuclear family serves the interests of the capitalist system. I have chosen to write about Marxism as it is the starting foundation for the class system we use today. Marxist ideas illustrate the power of the economy in shaping relationships and ideas as well as offering a solution or alternative to society. Answer and Explanation: Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! 1. Conflict theory is a general term coving a number of sociological approaches, which appose functionalism, and which share the idea that the basic feature of all societies was the struggle between different groups for access to limited resources. This benefits society as a whole, not just a particular group. This reinforces social class inequalities. Engels argued that family had a clear economic function for capitalism, by ensuring that wealth remained in the hands of the bourgeoisie. We will do this by considering criticisms generally, and criticisms from other structural theories. Feminists argue that the Marxist focus on social class inequalities downplays the role of patriarchy, which is the real source of female oppression. West Yorkshire, Ignores family diversity in capitalist society, and that many women now work full time as wellandMarxism ignore the benefits of nuclear family e.g. We'll start by looking at German philosopher Friedrich Engels' views on the family. Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! The education system perceives middle-class values, experiences, and knowledge as superior and as a result, working-class children are more likely to drop out of school and miss out on opportunities. But as far as Marxism is concerned, free competition inevitably begets monopoly, where the struggle between big and small capitals always yields to the same result. Third, I think Marx illustrates the complementary nature of the strengths and weaknesses within a theory. A church may be supportive when you are married but have harsh rules about divorce. The family socialises children into accepting authority and believing that the exploitation is 'normal'. See full answer below. It emphasizes the marked differences of varying social classes and the power struggles between capitalist and working class individuals. Scholars have also argued that Marxism presents people with an oversocialized view of humans, seeing socialization as a one-way process where children are imbued with capitalist culture. Capitalism is based on a system of private ownership The bourgeois use their own personal wealth to personally invest in businesses in order to make a profit, they dont invest for the benefit of everyone else. Middle-class students are more likely to have positive experiences and higher expectations of education, e.g. Introduction 1.1. Institutions generally work in the interests of the small, elite bourgeoisie class who have economic power or those of the much larger working class, or proletariat. According to Marxists what is the role of the family? Radical Feminism It deals with racism, male hierarchy system etc. Engels The Emergence of the Nuclear Family, A Level Sociology Families and Households Revision Bundle, AS Sociology Families and Households Revision Bundle, We start with an overview of the Marxist perspective in general, Engels theory of the emergence of the nuclear family. There is not much research to suggest that the emergence of capitalism. The reason it does this is because one of the key features of Marxism is to have everyone be fully equal - and religion would meddle in that aspect as it automatically puts some people in superiority or inferiority of others within the religion. Assess the strengths and weaknesses of Marx's analysis of Capitalism Marxism is a critique of Capitalism that had its greatest strength in its argument against human isolation and tyranny. Zaretskys theory is clearly outdated: it assumes the worker is male and that there is only one worker in the family. The family reproduces the next generation of workers that will be exploited as labour power by the capitalist system. The cushioning effect is similar to Parson's theory of the Warm Bath, in that the family acts as a relief from social stress and tension. The major weakness of Marxism is that it does not seem to work in the real world. Create your account. That is to say, the family is an ideological agent, a puppet, of the ruling class. For others, such as Marxists, families are the mark of an unequal society. Marx's ideas were so influential that a third of the planet was ruled under his ideas in . In particular nuclear family is seen as an ideological apparatus (Marxists believe that this is any institution that is involved in the transmitting of the ruling-class e.g . Because people need to feel secure and absolve themselves of their own guilt, Freud believed that they choose to believe in God, who represents a powerful father-figure. By challenging dominant views, the Marxists open up new areas of debate about class and power and their relationship to crime and deviance. Lerne mit deinen Freunden und bleibe auf dem richtigen Kurs mit deinen persnlichen Lernstatistiken. What was the basic principle of Marxist theory? Something else Marxists suggest about the family (like the Functional Fit theory) is that the family type generally changes with society more specifically, the nuclear family emerges not because of the needs of industrialisation, but because of the needs of the capitalist system. Revision image. Writing from the Marxist perspective, the sociologist Zaretsky developed the view that modern capitalist society created an illusion that the "private life" of the family is separate from the economy. http://monthlyreview.org/2014/06/01/marx-on-gender-and-the-family-a-summary/. The strengths of structural functionalism are that it can accurately model many aspects of society, and that it relates society to other topics of. Stern, B. J. To go directly to the heart of the work of Marx, one must focus on his concrete program for humanity. The role and function of the family is to uphold the capitalist superstructure. Worth noting that Capitalist power structures and labour relations are foreign concepts to early humans, so it reproducing capitalist power structures are necessary in order to hijack ones human nature per se (pre-agricultural societies were largely collective), therefore rationalizing it or conditioning consumers. Middle-class children are also likely to know the 'right' ways of behaving, speaking, and dressing that are valued by other middle-class adults, such as teachers. An interesting variation on Parsons warm bath theory, Zaretsky argued that family life gave proletarian men something they could control and a space where they could be the boss. With the emergence of capitalism, the bourgeoisie began owning private property for the purposes of personal profit. Due to this, middle-class children are more likely to succeed academically and beyond. Its 100% free. These alternative conceptions of the family are outside of Marxist analysis of the nuclear family (Thompson, 2014). Media and companies target children through advertising. Cultural capital refers to the 'right' knowledge, understanding, and attitudes towards culture and cultural history. What are the weaknesses of Marxism? Able to work independently. Here Are the Pros of Marxism. 214 High Street, The New Right argues that there are benefits of the nuclear family, such as the support given to children by two parents. Indeed, Marxists have done little research to investigate whether members of families actually do have this relationship with capitalism. Rewrite the following sentences, adding or deleting commas as necessary. If you are in doing business under Marxism, then basically, you would be working for the government, which means that are not going to work as an entrepreneur, freelancer or sole business owner because everything would run through the government. Living standards have improved vastly since Marx's day, and the welfare state and compulsory state education have . Be perfectly prepared on time with an individual plan. Free and expert-verified textbook solutions. "Wow," said Ms. Gage, "just listen to those African drummers!". Marxists also say functionalist fail to explain conflict and change within society as it is shown as harmonious. On the other hand, working-class children are unable to achieve similar feats due to a lack of economic capital, even if they are fully capable. Next, we'll look at American professor Eli Zaretksy's views on the family. After all, people who do not have property also choose to live in families (although Engels would argue this is because they are influenced by bourgeois ideology). It negatively affects the educational system. Women are doubly oppressed, both by capitalism and patriarchy. 39). Univ of North Carolina Press. Fig. Through a set of norms and roles accompanied by the existence of a shared culture which is shaped due to the members of a society, social order is therefore achieved. Stressing the role of class struggle or conflict within society between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat, it is effective in explaining change in society. For Engels, then, family is all about blood lines and proof of parentage. Capitalism, increasing wealth and gender equality within a nation seem to be correlated. Marxists may be guilty of over-emphasising how the family is shaped by the needs of capitalism. Zaretsky claims that this economic function is a bourgeois ideology perpetuated to ensure families spend money and create profits for the bourgeoisie. How does the Marxist view of the family differ to that of functionalists? marxism overlooks alternative ideas that might shape behaviour. Earn points, unlock badges and level up while studying. argues that there are benefits of the nuclear family, such as the, The nuclear family is a common family type found. Further exacerbating these purchases motivated by "false needs" is the built in obsolescence of many products. An Integrated Multi-Level Approach. Company Reg no: 04489574. For example, the positive experience of being a housewife and mother are dismissed as capitalist ideology and false consciousness regardless of how real these feelings are for the individuals involved. 9essays/ essay plans spanning all the topics within the families and households topic.