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What was the historical context in which the California The California Gold Rush started in 1848 and led to dramatic social and demographic changes, including large-scale immigration into California, a worldwide economic boom, and the California genocide of indigenous peoples. Ironically, it was a controversy across state lines in Arizona that sparked interest anew. The California High-Speed Rail Authority was created in 1996 by the state to implement an extensive 800-mile (1,300km) rail system. [168][171][172][173], In the transition zone, there are Colombian black-tailed deer, black bears, gray foxes, cougars, bobcats, and Roosevelt elk. [342] In the 2020 United States presidential election, it had the 6th highest behind the District of Columbia, Vermont, Massachusetts, Maryland, and Hawaii. [257] As of 2018[update], California's nominal GDP is larger than all but four countries (the United States, China, Japan, and Germany). California contains more forestland than any other state except Alaska. [note 1], As of 2019, California ranked second among states by life expectancy (after Hawaii), with a life expectancy of 80.9 years. [266] June 10, [242], In 2016, California's K12 public school per-pupil spending was ranked 22nd in the nation ($11,500 per student vs. $11,800 for the U.S. The rapidly growing population of the state is straining all of its transportation networks, and California has some of the worst roads in the United States. [31][32][33] California's ports and harbors handle about a third of all U.S. imports, most originating in Pacific Rim international trade. Between 1970 and 2011, non-Hispanic whites declined from 80% of the state's population to 40%, while Hispanics grew from 32% in 2000 to 38% in 2011. [62] The governor granted many square leagues of land to others with political influence. [267] In 2008, California's 81,500 farms and ranches generated $36.2billion products revenue. [224] Like most U.S. states (32 out of 50), California law enshrines English as its official language, and has done so since the passage of Proposition 63 by California voters in 1986. On this January 29, 2020, as disease containment protocols were still being developed, the U.S. Department of State evacuated 195 persons from Wuhan, China aboard a chartered flight to March Air Reserve Base in Riverside County, and in this process, it may have granted and conferred to escalated within the land and the US at cosmic. [208] More than half of illegal immigrants originate from Mexico. California 170th Anniversary of Statehood (1850): September 9, 2020, United States; California; Los Angeles city, California; San Diego city, California; San Jose city, California; Sacramento city, California, TableID: DP05, ACS Demographic and Housing Estimates, United States & California, Local Business Profile, All Sectors - California. Create your account. About 1,102 school districts, independent of cities and counties, handle California's public education. To the east of the Sierra Nevada are Owens Valley and Mono Lake, an essential migratory bird habitat. California entered the union as a free state (following a fierce national debate). Construction was approved by the voters during the November 2008 general election,[305] with the first phase of construction estimated to cost $64.2billion.[306]. California's vast terrain is connected by an extensive system of controlled-access highways ('freeways'), limited-access roads ('expressways'), and highways. [201] Along with the rest of the United States, California's immigration pattern has also shifted over the course of the late 2000s to early 2010s. 5. This convention of 48 people included only six born in California, compared to ten born in New York. WebCalifornia is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast.With nearly 39.2 million residents across a total area of approximately 163,696 square miles (423,970 Members of the Assembly are subject to term limits of six terms, and members of the Senate are subject to term limits of three terms. WebMany extended West African families have relatives living in different countries. [116][117], An energy crisis in 2001 led to rolling blackouts, soaring power rates, and the importation of electricity from neighboring states. California was then reachable from the eastern States in a week's time. The Channel Islands are located off the Southern coast, while the Farallon Islands lie west of San Francisco. [296][297] The Reason Foundation's 19th Annual Report on the Performance of State Highway Systems ranked California's highways the third-worst of any state, with Alaska second, and Rhode Island first. Nemophila, mint, Phacelia, Viola, and the California poppy (Eschscholzia californica, the state flower) also flourish in this zone, along with the lupine, more species of which occur here than anywhere else in the world. What are the claimed benefits of splitting California into 3 states? The Sierra Nevada (Spanish for "snowy range") includes the highest peak in the contiguous 48 states, Mount Whitney, at 14,505 feet (4,421m). Holocaust . This rapidly increased the population and made statehood more likely. And these developments resulted from many factors other than the end of the Other sports that are big in the state include Golf, Rodeo, Tennis, Mountain climbing, Marathon running, Horse racing, Bowling, Mixed Martial Arts, Boxing, and Motorsports, especially Nascar and Formula One. Rather, the people moving into California tend to be more educated and wealthier than the people leaving, according to the analysis: From 2015 to 2019, According to the United States Census Bureau in 2018 the population self-identified as (alone or in combination):[215] 72.1% White (including Hispanic Whites), 36.8% non-Hispanic whites, 15.3% Asian, 6.5% Black or African American, 1.6% Native American and Alaska Native, 0.5% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, and 3.9% two or more races. Many British bands, such as Led Zeppelin, Deep Purple, Black Sabbath, and The Rolling Stones settled in the state after becoming internationally famous. [278], State spending increased from $56billion in 1998 to $127billion in 2011. These services are the busiest intercity rail lines in the United States outside the Northeast Corridor and ridership is continuing to set records. The project intended to boost the area long-term, but in the short-term there were many factors that made it challenging for people to reach the amusement park. Also, Los Angeles County has held the title of most populous United States county for decades, and it alone is more populous than 42 U.S. WebSTATE OF CALIFORNIA - BUSINESS, CONSUMER SERVICES AND HOUSING AGENCY GAVIN NEWSOM, Governor . [109], In the mid and late twentieth century, a number of race-related incidents occurred in the state. [168], Plant life in the dry climate of the lower Sonoran zone contains a diversity of native cactus, mesquite, and paloverde. [93], Between 1850 and 1860, the California state government paid around 1.5million dollars (some 250,000 of which was reimbursed by the federal government)[94] to hire militias with the stated purpose of protecting settlers, however these militias perpetrated numerous massacres of Indigenous people. From Census Business Builder: Regional Analyst Edition - 3.1.0: From the State Data Center (SDC) Program: From Foreign Trade > U.S. International Trade Data: Note: After you create an account, you can choose between State Export Data (Origin of Movement) or State Import Data (State of Destination) by Harmonized System (HS) or NAICS. This health topic focuses on the 15. [204] The number of migrants arrested attempting to cross the Mexican border in the Southwest decreased from a high of 1.1million in 2005 to 367,000 in 2011. [192] The United States Census Bureau reported that the population of California was 39,538,223 on April 1, 2020, a 6.13% increase since the 2010 United States census. These huge ranchos or cattle ranches emerged as the dominant institutions of Mexican California. Los Angeles County is the country's most populous, while San Bernardino County is the largest county by area in the country. Web3. Although Lake Tahoe is larger, it is divided by the California/Nevada border. question 6.docx - The Limits of State Suffrage for California The 1906 San Francisco earthquake and 1928 St. Francis Dam flood remain the deadliest in U.S. Resolved by the Assembly, the Senate concurring, That the Legislature of the State of California at its 2019-20 Regular Session commencing on the third day of December 2018, In 1849, President Zachary Taylor, mindful that the admission of California to the Union as a free state would 7. Tensions between police and African Americans, combined with unemployment and poverty in inner cities, led to violent riots, such as the 1965 Watts riots and 1992 Rodney King riots. Hundley, N. (2001). ", "Appendix A: Etymology of the Word 'California': Surmises and Usage", "California Indian History California Native American Heritage Commission", "Extermination of the Joyas: Gendercide in Spanish California", "California as an Island in MapsOnline Exhibits", "California State University, Northridge - Mexican California: The Heyday of the Ranchos", "Mexican California | Early California History: An Overview | Articles and Essays | California as I Saw It: First-Person Narratives of California's Early Years, 1849-1900 | Digital Collections | Library of Congress", 10 Facts: California during the Civil War, "The Chinese Experience in 19th Century America", "Immigration to the United States, 1851-1900 | Rise of Industrial America, 1876-1900 | U.S. History Primary Source Timeline | Classroom Materials at the Library of Congress | Library of Congress", "INDIANS of CALIFORNIA - American Period", "Act for the Government and Protection of Indians | American Experience | PBS", "Los Angeles' 1850s Slave Market Is Now the Site of a Federal Courthouse", "California Militia and Expeditions Against the Indians, 18501859", "California governor calls Native American treatment genocide", "The U.S. Mainland: Growth and Resistance", "Behind the Wire: Japanese Immigration and Relocation in U.S. History", "California apologizes for Japanese American internment", "CaliforniaRace and Hispanic Origin: 1850 to 1990", "Shipbuilding EssayWorld War II in the San Francisco Bay Area: A National Register of Historic Places Travel Itinerary", "Richmond Shipyard Number Three: World War II in the San Francisco Bay Area: A National Register of Historic Places Travel Itinerary", "Rosie the Riveter National Historical Park, Kaiser Shipyards", "Saving the BayThe Greatest Shipbuilding Center in the World", "Aerospace States' Incentives to Attract The Industry", "The Aerospace Industry in Southern California", "When LA Erupted In Anger: A Look Back At The Rodney King Riots", "The Black Panther Party: Challenging Police and Promoting Social Change", "How the Black Panthers' Breakfast Program Both Inspired and Threatened the Government", "Cesar Chavez: The Life Behind A Legacy Of Farm Labor Rights", "The Trouble With Electricity Markets: Understanding California's Restructuring Disaster", "Fires, floods and free parking: California's unending fight against climate change", "How California Became Ground Zero for Climate Disasters", "California Facing Worst Drought on Record | NOAA Climate.gov", "Orange County coronavirus patient released, in good condition, health officials say", "Ninth case of fast-moving coronavirus confirmed in U.S.", "Two more U.S. evacuation planes leave coronavirus epicenter Wuhan", "U.S. handling of American evacuees from Wuhan increased coronavirus risks, watchdog finds", "Hundreds of Americans Were Evacuated From the Coronavirus Epicenter. Instead, these factors worked against women running for ofce in the Golden State. After the Portol expedition, Spanish missionaries led by Father-President Serra set out to establish 21 Spanish missions of California along El Camino Real ("The Royal Road") and along the Californian coast, 16 sites of which having been chosen during the Portol expedition. [207] The state of California and some California cities, including Los Angeles, Oakland and San Francisco,[209] have adopted sanctuary policies.[210]. Marsh had been forced against his will to join Micheltorena's army. [240] Multiple games during the 1994 FIFA World Cup took place in California, with the Rose Bowl hosting eight matches (including the final), while Stanford Stadium hosted six matches. [244][245][246], A 2007 study concluded that California's public school system was "broken" in that it suffered from overregulation.[247]. Numerous trout species are found, among them rainbow, golden, and cutthroat. My Blog Answer any FIVE of the following seven prompts. Each [300] It was later extended south to the Four Level Interchange in downtown Los Angeles, regarded as the first stack interchange ever built.[301].